Chanca piedra

(Phyllanthus niruri, amarus)

Family: Euphorbiaceae
Genus: Phyllanthus
Species: niruri, amarus
Synonyms: Phyllanthus carolinianus, P, sellowianus, P. fraternus, P. kirganella, P. lathyroides, P. lonphali, Nymphanthus niruri
Common Names: Chanca piedra, quebra pedra, stone-breaker, arranca-pedras, punarnava, amli, bhonya, bhoomi amalaki, amla-bhui, bhui amla, bhuianvalah, bhuimy-Amal, bhuin-amla, bhumyamalaki, dog senna peas, carry -me-seed, creole senna, Daun marisan, derriere-dos, do deye, erva-pombinha, elrageig, elrigeg, evatbimi, gale-wind grass, graine en bas fièvre, hurricane weed, jar-amla, jar amla, Kizhi nelli , mauve-pedra, mapatan, para-para mi, mi paraparai, pei, phyllanto, pombinha, quinine weed, Sacha foster, dog senna, creole senna, shka-nin-du, viernes santo, ya-taibai, yaa tai bai, yah-tai-bai, yerba de san pablo
Phyto elements: alkaloids, astragalin, brevifolin, carboxylic acids, corilagin, cymene, ellagic acid, ellagitannins, gallocatechins, geraniin, hypophyllanthin, lignans, lintetralins, lupeols, methyl SALICYLATE, niranthin, nirtetralin, niruretin, nirurin, nirurine, niruriside, norsecurinines, phyllanthin, phyllanthine, phyllanthenol, phyllochrysine, phyltetralin, repandusinic acids, Quercetin, quercetol, quercitrin, rutin, saponins, triacontanal, tricontanol
Parts used: entire plant

PROPERTY 'AND ACTIONS

Main actions:

* Expels calculations
* Supports the kidneys
* Increases the diuresis
* Relieves pain
* Protects the liver
Detoxifies the liver *
* Reduces spasms
* Fights the virus
* Reduces inflammation
* Free blockages
* Helps digestion
* Reduces the blood sugar level
* Lowers the pressure
* Lowers cholesterol

Other actions:

* Fights bacteria
* Cure malaria
* Prevents mutations
* Reduces fever
* Slightly laxative
* Expels worms

Assay standards:
Grass whole.
Infusion: 1 cup 2-3 times a day;
Fluid extract: 2-4 ml 2-3 times a day;
Capsules: 1-2 g twice a day.

Chanca piedra is a small annual grass typical of the Amazon forest and other tropical areas of the world such as the Bahamas, India: South America and China.

Since the mid-'60s, Chanca piedra has been the subject of numerous studies to determine the active constituents and their pharmacological properties. And 'in fact a rich source of biologically active components including glycosides, flavonoids, alkaloids, ellegitannini, fenilpropanoidi, as well as lipids, sterols and flavonoli.

No wonder that Chanca piedra is used for multiple purposes in the systems of folk medicine in clinical studies over the years, the plant has shown protective activity of the liver, antilitiche (expels the calculations), painkillers, hypotensive, antispasmodic, antiviral , diuretic, and antimutagene hypoglycaemia.
A first area of study has validated one of the oldest traditional uses of Chanca piedra for kidney stones. In 1990, the Paulista School of Medicine of São Paulo (Brazil), was administered to patients suffering from kidney stones to a tea Chanca piedra for 3 months, and reported that the tea had promoted the elimination of the calculations and had increased diuresis and excretion of sodium and creatine. A subsequent study in vitro (1999) recorded as Chanca piedra had the property of blocking the formation of calcium oxalate crystals (one of the main components of kidney stones) and, therefore, could be a useful aid to quote people who had suffered from kidney stones.

Instead go back to the mid-80s studies have documented the activity and antispasmodic muscle relaxant light of Chanca piedra. This led researchers to assume that a relaxation of the muscles in the urinary tract or biliary probably could facilitate the expulsion of the calculations, as he was tried in 1990 by Dr. Wolfram Wiemann (Nuremburg, Germany).

In folk medicine, Chanca piedra is also used for gallstones. Although there are specific queries that use this experience in 2002 of Indian researchers reported that Chanca piedra caused increased secretion of bile in the gallbladder, significantly lowering cholesterol levels.

In 1995, Indian researchers have documented two other actions Chanca piedra, or lowering of blood pressure and lower levels of glucose in the blood.
Another study has also documented inhibitory action of this plant on aldoso reductase, that is one of the substances which act on nerve endings exposed to a high concentration of sugar in the blood and can lead to diabetes.

Another area of study by a university in Brazil has focused on the effects of painkillers Chanca piedra. So far there have been six published studies on their findings. In the first three, have been reported the effects of painkillers Chanca piedra against six models of pain induced in the laboratory. In recent studies, the pain has been reported to any of the components of Chanca piedra, bearer also owned and protective antiulcer gastric tract.

The same researchers have documented that the action of lowering cholesterol, have also tested the protective action of the liver. Furthermore, a study of Indian and one British, have documented the effectiveness of Chanca piedra in the treatment of children suffering from jaundice and hepatitis.
In 2000, a study has demonstrated the adjuvant effect in reducing the incidence of cancer of the liver. Indeed, it could be that the proven ability to Chanca piedra to stop the cell mutation, plays an important role in the anticancer action.

One of the last areas of research concerning the antiviral properties of this plant. Several studies have shown that Chanca piedra could protect the liver during hepatitis. Dr. Blumberg, winner of the Nobel Prize in 1963 for having discovered the antigen of hepatitis B, claimed in 1988 that Chanca piedra could be an adjunct in treating hepatitis B. Several studies, carried out by Indian researchers and Fox Chase in collaboration with Blumberg, reported positive effects not only against hepatitis B, but also in the treatment of some retroviruses such as HIV, the sarcoma and leukemia.

Next to these antiviral properties, were also documented in vitro antimicrobial properties against several types of bacteria, as well as against malaria.

Many are the traditional uses. The main one is just for kidney stones and gallstones. The very name of this plant derives from its actual use in Spanish Chanca piedra means destroyer of stone or stone crusher.
Well as for kidney stones, the natives of Amazon: Chanca piedra use for colic, diabetes, malaria, dysentery, fever, flu, tumors, jaundice, vaginitis, gonorrhea, dyspepsia, to relieve pain, expel intestinal gas, stimulate and promote digestion, to expel the worms and how light laxative.

Chanca piedra has a long history of use in herbal medical systems in every tropical country where it grows. For the most part, is used for very similar problems. There are however some differences between the region and the region.
Here, we report a brief summary of the uses of etnomedici Chanca piedra.


Amazon: For intestinal inflammation, colic, constipation, diabetes, stimulate digestion, dysentery, dyspepsia, edema, fever, flu, calculations, gonorrhea, intestinal gas, itching, jaundice, kidney disorders, kidney stones, malaria, pain, proctite, mal of stomach tumors, urinary insufficiency, urinary tract disorders, vaginitis, worms, to stimulate menstruation
Bahamas / Caribbean: For bacterial infections, colds, constipation, fever, flu, hypoglycemia, laxative, detoxify the liver, invigorate the liver, protect liver, spasms, stomach pain, fever, typhoid, urinary insufficiency, viral infections, such as stimulating the 'appetite
Brazil: On abortion, joint pain, albuminuria, arthritis, bacterial infections, stimulation of bile, bile problems, bladder problems, calculations vesicular, blood purifier, cancer, catarrh (liver and kidney), cystitis, diabetes, stimulates digestion, edema, fever, stimulation of the gallbladder, stones, gastritis, gastrointestinal disorders, gout, hepatitis, hypertension, hypoglycemia, inflammation, jaundice, renal colic, kidney pain, kidney stones, liver support, liver disorders, malaria, obesity, pain, prostatitis, spasm, tonic, excess uric acid, urinary insufficiency, urinary problems, uterine relaxant, viral infections, such as relaxing muscles and promoting perspiration
Haiti: In intestinal inflammation, colic, digestive problems, digestive stimulant, fever, influenza, intestinal gas, malaria, spasms, stomach pain, urinary insufficiency
India: For anemia, asthma, bronchitis, conjunctivitis, cough, diabetes, diarrhea, stimulating digestion, dysentery, fever, edema, eye disorders, genitourinary disorders, gonorrhea, hepatitis, jaundice, lack of milk production, menstrual disorders , tricofizia, itch, thirst, tuberculosis, cancer (abdominal), urinary insufficiency, urogenital tract infections, vaginal mucus, warts
Malaysia: For puncture of caterpillars, constipation, dermatosis, diarrhea, itching, promote menstruation, miscarriages, kidney disorders, syphilis, urinary insufficiency, vertigo
Peru: For gallstones, hepatitis, kidney pain, kidney disorders, kidney stones, urinary infections, worms, to stimulate menstruation
United States: For biliaca failure, bronchitis, diabetes, fever, gallbladder problems, gallstones, gout, hepatitis, hypertension, kidney disorders, kidney stones, liver disease, obstruction, pain, excess uric acid, urinary tract infections, viral infections

Elsewhere:
For biliaca insufficiency, burns, constipation, cough, wounds, diabetes, diarrhea, dysentery, dyspepsia, edema, eye disorders, fever, calculations bilairi, gonorrhea, itch, jaundice, kidney disorders, kidney stones, malaria, menstrual disorders, pain, straight, stomach pain, tuberculosis, urinary insufficiency, urinary tract infections, vaginitis, venereal diseases




CHANCE PIEDRA

Primary method of preparation: infusion

Key actions (in order):
Antilitico (prevents and eliminate kidney stones), epatoprotettivo (liver protector), diuretic, antiepatotossico (detoxifies the liver), antiviral

Main uses:

1. for kidney stones and gallstones
2nd to tone, balance, strengthen, detoxify and protect the liver (and to balance liver enzymes)
3rd for viruses, including hepatitis A, B and C, herpes and HIV
4th to tone, balance, strengthen, detoxify and protect the kidneys, to reduce the uric acid and increase diuresis
5th for hypertension and high cholesterol levels


Properties / actions documented by research:
Analgesic (anti-pain), antiulcer, antibacterial, antiepatotossico (detoxifies the liver), antilitico (prevents and eliminate kidney stones), antimalarial, antimutageno (cellular protector), antispasmodic, antiviral, contraceptive, diuretic, gastrotonico (tones, balances, strengthens the gastric system), epatoprotettivo (protective of the liver), epatotonico (tones, balances, strengthens the liver), ipocolesterolemico (lowers cholesterol), hypoglycaemia, hypotensive (lowers blood pressure), uterine relaxant

Other properties / actions documented by traditional
Anti-inflammatory, blood purifier, carminative, detoxifying, diaforetico (promotes sweating), febrifugal (reduces fever), laxative, menstrual stimulant, tonic (tones, balances, strengthens all bodily functions), vermifuge (expels worms)

Traditional Remedy:

* Infusion / decoction: Depending on the application, 1-3 cups a day. As maintenance and prevention for kidney stones, the recommended dosage is 1-3 cups a week. To eject the calculations 3-4 cups a day.
* Extract fluids or extracts of water / glycerol: Depending on the concentration of extract, 2-6 ml 2-3 times per day
* Tablets / capsules: Many of the active ingredients are soluble in water and break down during digestion. 2-3 g in tablets or capsules 2 times per day may be substituted for the previous two remedies.


Contraindications:

* Chanca piedra may have hypotensive effects. Individuals with heart problems or who take drugs for the heart should consult their doctor before taking Chanca piedra
* In folk medicine Chanca piedra abortion is considered (at high doses) of stimulant and menstruation. Although there are studies that document this effect, we do not recommend taking Chanca piedra during pregnancy
* One study has documented a possible anti-fertility action of women. We do not recommend the use of Chanca piedra women seeking to become pregnant.
* There have been documented hypoglycaemia effects of this plant, that it is contraindicated to persons suffering from hypoglycemia. Diabetics are advised to consult your doctor before taking Chanca piedra.
* Chanca piedra has diuretic effects. The chronic use of this plant is contraindicated in conditions where diuretics are not recommended. Furthermore, chronic and prolonged use of any diuretic can cause electrolyte imbalances and minerals. You are advised to consult your doctor if you choose to take Chanca piedra for more than 3 months.

Interaction with drugs:

* It can enhance the insulin and drugs for diabetes
* It can enhance hypertension medications, beta-blockers and other drugs for the heart (including cronotropi and inotropic)

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